HIF-3620 Indigenous Revitalization - Languages, Literature and Arts - 10 stp

The course will focus on how language and cultural expressions have played an important role in the revitalization process of indigenous cultures that has taken place over the last four decades. Indigenous languages and linguistic rights. Emphasis will be placed on one or more of the following areas during a particular semester: 

• Indigenous languages and linguistic rights.
• Traditional knowledge and the arts. 
• Literature, the arts and new symbols of self-expression.
• Analytical skills will be developed through participation in class. 

Exhange students Fulbright students: 1 October for the spring semester and 15 April for the autumn semester.

Applicants from Nordic countries: 1 June for the autumn semester and 1 December for the spring semester.

Bachelor's degree (180 ECTS), or equivalent qualification,or an equivalent qualification, with a minimum of 80 ECTS within social sciences, humanities, in education or in the social practice of law. An average grade equivalent to C or better in the Norwegian grading system is required.

Application code: 9371(Nordic applicants)

Knowledge

Depending on the focus on language, arts, and/or literature during a particular semester, students will:

• Develop an understanding of linguistic and cultural expressions in the context of the recent analytical approaches to the study of indigenous cultures
• Gain insight in how language and cultural expressions have played an important role in the revitalization process of indigenous cultures that has taken place over the last four decades.
• Develop a better understanding of indigenous methodology. This part of the course complements IND-3025 and IND-3026. 

Skills

Students can;

• Consider expressions specific to Sami and other indigenous people shared in a larger global indigenous perspective.
• Develop competence in using theoretical approaches and methods appropriate for the analysis of indigenous literature, the visual arts and other media, and/or for the analysis of compelling linguistic issues.
• Demonstrate orally and in writing the ability to analyze a range of linguistic and cultural expressions.

Competence

Students shall:

• Apply the acquired skills and knowledge to produce high quality academic work, both orally and in writing. 

This course is interdisciplinary and taught by instructors with specialties in one or more of the following areas: literature, art science, linguistics, film, and or/ and culture studies.

Teaching Methods:

Lectures and seminars. Summary at the end of the course in a round table discussion.

All courses undergo an evaluation once in a 3-year period at the bachelor's level. The Programme Board determines which programme options will be evaluated per year, and which courses will be evaluated by the students and the teacher per year.

Assessment method: 6-hour school exam.

Coursework requirement:

• One essay (1200-1500 words) that focuses on one or more of the texts on the reading list. This requirement is evaluated as approved/not approved. 
• Participation in the round table discussion held at the end of the course (scheduled for one double hour).

Students must have both coursework requirements approved to qualify for the final exam.

Performance in the course will be assessed with the grades A-F. Grades are A-E for passed and F for failed. A re-examination is offered in the event of an F-grade. The deadline to register for re-examination is 15 January for the autumn semester and 15 August for the spring semester.

The date for the exam can be changed. The final date will be announced at your faculty early in May and early in November.

Ellen Marie Jensen's sections

Indigenous Methodologies and Philosophies

Vine Deloria, Jr. 1999. "Relativity, Relatedness and Reality." Deloria, Barbara, Kristen

Foehner and Sam Scinta. Spirit and Reason. Golden: Fulcrum. 32-39.

Teaiwa, Teresia 2014. "The Ancestors We Get to Choose. White Ancestors I Won´t Deny"" Smith, Audra Simpson & Andrea. Theorizing Native Studies. Durham: Duke University Press. 41-55

Mallory, Whiteduck. ""But it's our story. Read it.": Stories my grandfather told me and writing for continuance. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education, and Society (2013): 72-92.

Orality and Literacy in Indigenous Cultures

Swann, Brian. "Introduction." Voices from Four Directions: Contemporary Translations of the Native Literatures of North America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004.

Dauenhauer, Nora Marks and Dauenhauer, Richard (Iñupiaq) "The young woman who disappeared." Swann, Brian. Voices from Four Directions: Contemporary Translations of the Native Literatures of North America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004.

Somdy, Ande. "Yoik and the Theory of Knowledge" http://www.stavacademy.co.uk/mimir/joik.htm

(originally printed in Kunnskap og utvikling, Haavelsrud, Magnus (ed.), Tromsø 1995, ISBN 82-91636-00-1, p. 17.

Sami Literature in International Indigenous Perspective

Gaski, Harald. The Secretive Text : Yoik Lyrics as Literature and Tradition. Vol. Nr 5, Spring 1999. Tromsø: Faculty of Humanities, UiT, 1999. Nordlit

Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2000. "Towards an Indigenous Paradigm: from a Sami Perspective," in The Canadian Journal of Native Studies. 20: 2. Brandon, Manitoba, pp. 411-36.

Lukkari, Rauna Magga 1997. "I Row Across My River." Gaski, Harald. In the Shadow of the Midnight Sun. Karasjok: Davvi Girji. 139-145.

Turi, Johan 2012. "About Sami Songs." Turi, Johan. An Account of the Sami. Trans. Thomas Dubois. Karasjok: CalliidLagadus. 181-191

Valkepaa, Nils Aslak. "The Circle of Life." Gaski, Harald. In the Shadow of the Midnight Sun. Karasjok: Davvi Girji, 1997. 119-125.

Film, Photography and New Media

Martin, Kathleen J. "Native footprints: Photographs and stories written on the land." Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 2.2 (2013): 1-24.

Singer, Beverly. "Introduction: Thinking Native Thoughts." Singer, Beverly. Wiping the War Paint off the Lens: Native American Film and Video. Minneapolis: University of MN Press, 2001. 1-4.

Singer, Beverly. "The War-Painted Years." Singer, Beverly. Wiping the War Paint off the Lens: Native American Film and Video. Minneapolis: University of MN Press, 2001. 14-22.

Singer, Beverly. "Bringing Home Film and Video Making" Wiping the War Paint off the Lens: Native American Film and Video. Minneapolis: University of MN Press, 2001. 5-13.

Global Indigenous Literatures:

Allen, Chadwick 2008. "Rere Ke/Moving Differently: Indigenizing Methodologies for Comparative Indigenous Literary Studies." Studies in American Indian Literatures.

University of Nebraska Press. 19.4. 1-26.

Moore, Mari Jo."The Endurance of Women: Before the Beginning of Time and Onward" (excerpts) Birthed from Scorched Hearts : Women Respond to War. Fulcrum Publishing, 2008. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/tromsoub-ebooks/detail.action?docID=478740.

Ortiz, Simon 2005. "The Language We Know." Krupat, Brian Swann & Arnold. I Tell You Now: Autobiographical Essays by Native American Writers. Lincoln: University of Nebraska PRess. 186-194

Morgan, Sally. My Place Verago Press, 2001.

Svein Aamold's section

The Arts

Aamold, Svein, "The Role of the Scholar in Research into Indigenous Art", Diedut, special issue "Duodji 2012: International Conference on Duodji and Indigenous Arts, Crafts and Design", eds. Gunvor Guttorm and Seija Risten Somby, No. 3, 2014, pp. 69-91 (23 pages). ISBN 978-82-7367-036-6. ISSN 0332-7779

Durham, Jimmie, "The Vocabulary of Art", "Why Beauty - (Why Not?)", and "And Yet", Waiting To Be Interrupted: Selected Writings 1993-2012, edited and with a foreword by Jean Fisher, Milan: Mousse Publishing and Antwerp: M HKA, 2014: 251-253, 363-366 (7 pages). ISBN 978-88-6749-120-9

*Guttorm, Gunvor "Sámi craft, a shadow of art in the art discourse?" Indigenous Voices, Indigenous Symbols, Journal published by WINHEC (World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium) and Sámi University College (Guovdageaidnu), 2009: 50-62 (13 pages). ISSN 1177-1364

Lund, Jørgen, "Something Secretive Out In the Open: Reading Iver Jåks` Small Sculptures", Kunst til stede / Art in Place, eds. Torild Gjesvik, Unni Grøneng and Søren Ubisch, [Oslo] : Pax, 2008: 29-33 (5 pages). ISBN 978-82-530-3103-3

*Mosquera, Gerardo, "The Marco Polo Syndrome: Some Problems around Art and Eurocentrism" (1992), The Third Text Reader on Art, Culture and Theory, eds. Rasheed Araeen, Sean Cubitt and Ziauddin Sardar, London: Continuum, pp. 267-273, 373-375 (10 pages). ISBN 978-0826458513

Oskal, Nils, "The Character of the Milk Bowl as a Separate World, and the World as a Multitudinous Totality of References", Sámi Stories: Art and Identity of an Arctic People, ed. Marit Anne Hauan, Tromsø: Tromsø University Museum, Stamsund: Orkana forlag, 2014: 78-89 (12 pages). ISBN 978-8281042377

*Pollan, Brita, "A Stitching for Untold Stories: Britta Marakatt-Labba's Embroidered Frieze", Kunst til stede / Art in Place, eds. Torild Gjesvik, Unni Grøneng and Søren Ubisch, [Oslo]: Pax, 2008: 42-48 (7 pages). ISBN 978-82-530-3103-3

Recommended reading

Sámi Stories: Art and Identity of an Arctic People, eds. Charis Gullickson and Sandra Lorentzen, Tromsø: Northern Norway Art Museum, Stamsund: Orkana forlag, 2014. ISBN 978-82-8104-238-4

Suggested reading

Baglo, Catherine. "Rethinking Sami Agency during Living Exhibitions: From the Age of Empire to the Postwar World." Penny, Laura R. Graham and H. Glenn. Performing Indigeneity: Global Histories and Contemporary Experiences. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2014. 107-131.

Bassett, William J. "The Myth of the Nomad in Property Law." Journal of Law and Religion 4.1 (1986).

Evjen, Bjørg. "Measuring heads: anthropological research in North Norway." Acta Borealia 2 (1997).

Fjellner, Anders. "Biejjie-baernien Såangoe Jeahnaj Eatnamisnie ; Beaivvi Bártni Soagnu Jiehtanasaid Máilmmis ; The Son of the Sun's Courting in the Land of the Giants.". Karasjok: Davvi Girji, 2003.

Hall, Stuart. "Cultural Identity and Diaspora." Manur, Jane Evans & Anita. Theorizing Diaspora. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2003. 233-246.

Heath, Anne. "Valkeapää's Use of Photographs in Beaivi áhcázan: Indigenous Counter-History versus Documentation in the Age of Photography." Acta Borealia 1 (2014): 41-58.

Kovach, Margaret. "Conversational Method in Indigenous Research." First Peoples Child and Family Review (2010): 40-48

Morgan, Sally. "Introduction." Morgan, Sally. Wanamurraganya: The Story of Jack McPhee. Fremantle: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 1989. 13-17.

Ong, Walter. Orality and Literacy. New York: Routledge, 2002.

Valkeapää, Nils Aslak. The Sun My Father. Trans. Harald Gaski. Guovdageaidnu: DAT, 1997.

Vizenor, Gerald. "Aesthetics of Survivance: Literary Theory and Practice." Vizenor, Gerald. Narratives of Native Presence. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2008.

Wilson, Shawn. Research is Ceremony: Indigenous Research Methods. Halifax: Fernwood, 2008.