European Eye Epidemiology (E3)


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European Eye Epidemiology (E3) is a consortium of over 30 eye studies in Europe that actively collaborate to advance research on eye conditions with a focus on collaboration and data sharing to promote eye-related research in a variety of areas including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and myopia.

Project period: May 2015 - present

As an overarching goal, E3 works to harmonize methods for eye research and data collection to advance research on eye diseases with regard to pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors including lifestyle, vascular and metabolic factors, genetics, epigenetics, and biomarkers, as well as to develop and validate prediction models for eye diseases. Additionally, the collaboration explores opportunities for eye research data to contribute to a better understanding of other diseases such as dementia and diabetes by examining changes in the retina of the eye.

Link to external web site

Members from The Tromsø Study

Geir Bertelsen (Principal investigator)

Publications co-authored by members from our research group
  1. van der Heide FCT, Khawaja A, Berendschot TTJM, Littlejohns TJ, Kuźma E, Luben R, Patel PJ, Foster PJ; Maastricht Study Consortium; Bertelsen G, von Hanno T, Johnsen B, Schirmer H, Rebouças SCL, Grasset L, Delcourt C, Helmer C; UK Biobank Eye & Vision Consortium; E3 consortium; Stehouwer CDA. Associations of inner retinal layers with risk of incident dementia: An individual participant data analysis of four prospective cohort studies. Alzheimers Dement. 2023. doi: 10.1002/alz.13167.
  2. Vergroesen JE, Schuster AK, Stuart KV, Asefa NG, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Delcourt C, Schweitzer C, Barreto P, Coimbra R, Foster PJ, Luben RN, Pfeiffer N, Stingl JV, Kirsten T, Rauscher FG, Wirkner K, Jansonius NM, Arnould L, Creuzot-Garcher CP, Stricker BH, Keskini C, Topouzis F, Bertelsen G, Eggen AE, Bikbov MM, Jonas JB, Klaver CCW, Ramdas WD, Khawaja AP; European Eye Epidemiology Consortium. Association of Systemic Medication Use with Glaucoma and Intraocular Pressure: The European Eye Epidemiology Consortium. Ophthalmology. 2023;130:893-906.
  3. Mauschitz MM, Verzijden T, Schuster AK, Elbaz H, Pfeiffer N, Khawaja A, Luben RN, Foster PJ, Rauscher FG, Wirkner K, Kirsten T, Jonas JB, Bikbov MM, Hogg R, Peto T, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Bertelsen G, Erke MG, Topouzis F, Giannoulis DA, Brandl C, Heid IM, Creuzot-Garcher CP, Gabrielle PH, Hense HW, Pauleikhoff D, Barreto P, Coimbra R, Piermarocchi S, Daien V, Holz FG, Delcourt C, Finger RP; European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium. Association of lipid-lowering drugs and antidiabetic drugs with age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis in Europeans. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023;107:1880-1886.
  4. Colijn JM, den Hollander AI, Demirkan A, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Verzijden T, Kersten E, Meester-Smoor MA, Merle BMJ, Papageorgiou G, Ahmad S, Mulder MT, Costa MA, Benlian P, Bertelsen G, Bron AM, Claes B, Creuzot-Garcher C, Erke MG, Fauser S, Foster PJ, Hammond CJ, Hense HW, Hoyng CB, Khawaja AP, Korobelnik JF, Piermarocchi S, Segato T, Silva R, Souied EH, Williams KM, van Duijn CM, Delcourt C, Klaver CCW; European Eye Epidemiology Consortium; EYE-RISK Consortium. Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence from the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology Consortia. Ophthalmology. 2019;126:393-406.
  5. Delcourt C, Le Goff M, von Hanno T, Mirshahi A, Khawaja AP, Verhoeven VJM, Hogg RE, Anastosopoulos E, Cachulo ML, Höhn R, Wolfram C, Bron A, Miotto S, Carrière I, Colijn JM, Buitendijk GHS, Evans J, Nitsch D, Founti P, Yip JLY, Pfeiffer N, Creuzot-Garcher C, Silva R, Piermarocchi S, Topouzis F, Bertelsen G, Foster PJ, Fletcher A, Klaver CCW, Korobelnik JF; European Eye Epidemiology Consortium. The Decreasing Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in Older Europeans: A Meta-analysis of Published and Unpublished Data. Ophthalmology. 2018;125:1149-1159.
  6. Colijn JM, Buitendijk GHS, Prokofyeva E, Alves D, Cachulo ML, Khawaja AP, Cougnard-Gregoire A, Merle BMJ, Korb C, Erke MG, Bron A, Anastasopoulos E, Meester-Smoor MA, Segato T, Piermarocchi S, de Jong PTVM, Vingerling JR, Topouzis F, Creuzot-Garcher C, Bertelsen G, Pfeiffer N, Fletcher AE, Foster PJ, Silva R, Korobelnik JF, Delcourt C, Klaver CCW; EYE-RISK consortium; European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium. Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe: The Past and the Future. Ophthalmology. 2017;124:1753-1763.
  7. Delcourt C, Korobelnik JF, Buitendijk GH, Foster PJ, Hammond CJ, Piermarocchi S, Peto T, Jansonius N, Mirshahi A, Hogg RE, Bretillon L, Topouzis F, Deak G, Grauslund J, Broe R, Souied EH, Creuzot-Garcher C, Sahel J, Daien V, Lehtimäki T, Hense HW, Prokofyeva E, Oexle K, Rahi JS, Cumberland PM, Schmitz-Valckenberg S, Fauser S, Bertelsen G, Hoyng C, Bergen A, Silva R, Wolf S, Lotery A, Chakravarthy U, Fletcher A, Klaver CC. Ophthalmic epidemiology in Europe: the "European Eye Epidemiology" (E3) consortium. Eur J Epidemiol. 2016;31:197-210.
  8. Williams KM, Bertelsen G, Cumberland P, Wolfram C, Verhoeven VJ, Anastasopoulos E, Buitendijk GH, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Creuzot-Garcher C, Erke MG, Hogg R, Höhn R, Hysi P, Khawaja AP, Korobelnik JF, Ried J, Vingerling JR, Bron A, Dartigues JF, Fletcher A, Hofman A, Kuijpers RW, Luben RN, Oxele K, Topouzis F, von Hanno T, Mirshahi A, Foster PJ, van Duijn CM, Pfeiffer N, Delcourt C, Klaver CC, Rahi J, Hammond CJ; European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium. Increasing Prevalence of Myopia in Europe and the Impact of Education. Ophthalmology. 2015;122:1489-97.
  9. Williams KM, Verhoeven VJ, Cumberland P, Bertelsen G, Wolfram C, Buitendijk GH, Hofman A, van Duijn CM, Vingerling JR, Kuijpers RW, Höhn R, Mirshahi A, Khawaja AP, Luben RN, Erke MG, von Hanno T, Mahroo O, Hogg R, Gieger C, Cougnard-Grégoire A, Anastasopoulos E, Bron A, Dartigues JF, Korobelnik JF, Creuzot-Garcher C, Topouzis F, Delcourt C, Rahi J, Meitinger T, Fletcher A, Foster PJ, Pfeiffer N, Klaver CC, Hammond CJ. Prevalence of refractive error in Europe: the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015;30:305-15.